OCCURENCE OF CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGENEMIA IN HIV POSITIVE CHILDREN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Abstract
Background: Cryptococcal antigenemia is strongly associated with the development of cryptococcal meningitis in adults. There is paucity of
literature on prevalence of cryptococcal antigenemia in HIV positive children.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of cryptococcal antigenemia in HIV positive children.
Methodology: Observational cross- sectional study was conducted between November 2016 to March 2018 at pediatric HIV clinic of PGIMER
and Dr. RML Hospital, Delhi. Clinico- demographic data of HIV infected children between 18 months- 12 years of age was collected. Cryptococcal
antigen test by latex agglutination was performed on all of these children.
Results: 100 HIV infected children were studied. Mean age of study population was 9.49 + 3.60 years. 65% were male and 96% acquired the
infection through vertical transmission.79% cases were in WHO clinical stage I. Mean CD4 count was 838.4+ 419.17 cells/mm3. All the children
were on HAART therapy. No occurrence of cryptococcal antigenemia was found in this study. Therefore, its association with age, sex, nutritional
status, WHO stage, CD4 count could not be found.
Conclusion: Cryptococcosis is rare in pediatric HIV. Children with high CD4 counts and on HAART therapy are less likely to develop
cryptococcal antigenemia. Further larger scale follow-up studies are required to determine the incidence and risk factors of cryptococcal
antigenemia in HIV positive children.
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PDFReferences
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